D2C Brand Startup Product Liability Insurance India 2026: Beauty, Food, and Apparel Exposure

Indian direct-to-consumer brands have built scale through 2018-2026 across beauty and personal care, packaged food and beverages, apparel and accessories, home and kitchen, baby care, and pet care. Combined funded base across Indian D2C brands crossed USD 7.8 billion across 1,500+ disclosed deals between 2018 and Q1 2026, with notable category leaders and IPO-bound players including:

• Beauty and personal care: Mamaearth (Honasa Consumer, IPO 2023), Sugar Cosmetics, Bombay Shaving Co., WOW Skin Science, Plum, The Derma Co., Mcaffeine, mamaearth's adjacent brands (Aqualogica, Dr Sheth's), Beardo, Ustraa, and a long tail of category-specific brands.
• Packaged food and beverage: Yoga Bar, Slurrp Farm, True Elements, Open Secret, Drums Food (Epigamia and Hammer brands), Paper Boat (now part of Hector Beverages/ITC), Wingreens Farms, The Whole Truth, EatBetter (Tweak), Smytten Pulse, and adjacent player Cure.fit with its cure.foods cloud-kitchen and packaged-food adjacencies.
• Health and wellness adjacencies: MyMuse (sexual wellness), Pee Safe (intimate hygiene), Bombay Shaving Co. (men's wellness expansion), Carmesi, Saturday Sleep, with applicable regulatory frameworks distinct from cosmetics or food.
• Apparel and accessories: Bewakoof, The Souled Store, Bombay Shirt Company, The Postcard Hotel (hospitality D2C), Wakefit (mattresses), The Sleep Company, NestAway (now exited), and home brands including Wakefit furniture, Sleepyhead, and Pepperfry.
• Pet care and adjacencies: Heads Up For Tails (acquired by Verlinvest), Wiggles, Drools (B2B-D2C hybrid), PETSY, Captain Zack.
• Baby care: The Moms Co. (acquired by Good Glamm), R for Rabbit, SuperBottoms, Hopscotch.

Product liability exposure scales with brand revenue, category, and product type. A INR 50 crore revenue beauty brand selling primarily soap-based body washes faces materially less exposure than a INR 200 crore revenue functional-food brand selling protein supplements with ingredient claims, or a INR 100 crore revenue baby-skincare brand operating in a category with high consumer-protection sensitivity. The 2026 product-liability cover market reflects this differentiation through category-specific underwriting, sum-insured guidance by revenue band, and wording variations.

This post maps the framework with reference to the Consumer Protection Act 2019, the Food Safety and Standards Act 2006 (FSSAI), the Bureau of Indian Standards Act 2016 (BIS), the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 (CDSCO), and the marketplace-indemnity dynamics with Amazon, Flipkart, Nykaa, Myntra, and other e-commerce platforms.

The Consumer Protection Act 2019 (CPA 2019) replaced the Consumer Protection Act 1986 and materially expanded consumer-claim standing, remedies, and procedural framework.

Expanded standing and remedies

Key changes from CPA 1986 to CPA 2019 affecting D2C brands:

• Product liability is now codified in Sections 82-87 with specific provisions for product manufacturers, service providers, and product sellers. The Act establishes strict liability for harm caused by defective products in specified circumstances.
• Class-action standing is provided under Section 35 allowing the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) to initiate class-action style proceedings on behalf of consumers.
• Increased pecuniary jurisdiction with consumer commissions at district, state, and national levels having significantly higher pecuniary limits for direct adjudication.
• Unfair contract terms under Section 49 providing standing to challenge unfair contract provisions including unilateral termination rights, escalation clauses, and indemnification provisions.
• Misleading advertisements under Section 21 with CCPA enforcement powers, fines, and the ability to direct discontinuance of misleading ads, with penalty exposure up to INR 10 lakh for first offence and higher for subsequent violations.
• Product liability action allowing consumers to seek compensation for harm from defective products through specialised proceedings.
• Mediation framework providing alternative dispute resolution.

Product liability action scope

Section 82 of CPA 2019 defines product liability action grounds:

• Manufacturing defect: deviation from intended design.
• Design defect: foreseeable risk of harm in the design.
• Deviation from manufacturing specifications: defects from non-compliance with manufacturing process.
• Failure to comply with warranty: express warranty breach.
• Failure to contain adequate instructions or warnings: inadequate consumer warnings.
• Misrepresentation: misrepresentation of product quality, quantity, or characteristics.

The scope is broader than under CPA 1986 and provides clearer statutory basis for product-liability claims.

Damages and exemplary damages

Under CPA 2019, consumer commissions can award:

• Compensatory damages for actual loss.
• Punitive damages for negligent or wilful conduct (Section 39).
• Exemplary damages in specific circumstances.
• Cost of complaint including reasonable legal costs.

While Indian consumer-court damages have historically been modest by international standards, the trend through 2022-2025 has been toward higher awards in egregious cases, with documented awards in the INR 5 lakh to INR 50 lakh range for individual claims and higher for class-action-style aggregations.

CCPA enforcement

The Central Consumer Protection Authority established under CPA 2019 has been active through 2021-2026 in:

• Recall orders for products with safety issues.
• Misleading-advertisement enforcement including action against D2C brands and influencer-led claims.
• Class-action style proceedings for systemic consumer issues.
• Compounding mechanisms for resolution.

Insurance implications

The CPA 2019 framework creates cover requirements for:

• Product liability with limits sized to potential aggregated claim exposure including class-action style proceedings.
• Defence-cost cover for consumer commission proceedings.
• Recall cover for product recalls triggered by CCPA action or voluntary withdrawals.
• Misleading-advertising defence with specific extensions covering CCPA enforcement proceedings.
• D&O cover for claims against directors and officers in product-liability contexts.

D2C brands operate within sector-specific regulatory frameworks that interact with product-liability cover.

FSSAI: Food and Beverage

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India under the FSS Act 2006 governs food and beverage products. Key requirements:

• FSSAI licence or registration for all food businesses including D2C brands.
• Product approval for novel products and specific categories.
• Labelling regulations including nutritional information, ingredient lists, allergen warnings, claims substantiation.
• Standards for product categories including ingredient specifications, microbial limits, contaminant limits.
• Recall framework for unsafe products with regulatory and voluntary recall procedures.

FSSAI compliance interacts with product liability:

• Products non-compliant with FSSAI standards face regulatory action and create insurance-relevant exposure.
• FSSAI recall orders trigger recall insurance where in place.
• Labelling defects (incorrect nutritional information, undisclosed allergens, unsubstantiated claims) create both regulatory exposure and consumer-claim exposure.
• The interaction with Consumer Protection Act 2019 misleading-advertisement provisions creates double exposure for non-compliant claims.

BIS: Bureau of Indian Standards

The Bureau of Indian Standards under the BIS Act 2016 administers product standards across multiple categories. For D2C brands, BIS interaction includes:

• Mandatory product standards for specific categories including some packaged foods, household appliances, baby care products, and personal care products.
• Voluntary standards that brands adopt as quality signals.
• Hallmarking for gold and silver jewellery (relevant for D2C jewellery brands).
• Quality control orders (QCOs) for specific product categories with mandatory BIS certification.

Through 2024-2026, BIS has expanded mandatory standards across multiple D2C-relevant categories including specific food packaging, baby-product safety, and personal care product safety. D2C brands should track BIS QCO notifications and ensure product compliance.

CDSCO: Drugs and Cosmetics

The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 and the Cosmetics Rules 2020 governs cosmetics, drugs, and medical devices. For D2C beauty and personal care brands:

• Cosmetics registration for imported cosmetics; domestic manufacturing requires state-level licensing.
• Ingredient restrictions including specified prohibited ingredients and concentration limits.
• Labelling requirements for cosmetic products.
• Adverse event reporting for cosmetics with documented adverse reactions.
• Cosmetovigilance framework for ongoing safety monitoring.

The Cosmetics Rules 2020 as amended through 2024-2025 have tightened expectations on:

• Ingredient disclosure and concentration disclosure.
• Claims substantiation including comparative claims and efficacy claims.
• Adverse event handling.
• Product safety assessment.

LMA: Legal Metrology Act 2009

The Legal Metrology Act 2009 and its packaged commodities rules govern packaging, labelling, declarations on packaging including MRP, net quantity, manufacturer information, and consumer-care contact information. D2C brands selling packaged products must comply with LMA requirements.

Insurance-relevant alignment

The regulatory framework interaction with insurance:

• Compliance warranties in product liability policies typically require the insured to comply with applicable regulations. Non-compliance can void cover.
• Specific product-category exclusions may apply where the product is non-compliant with mandatory standards.
• Misleading-advertising defence cover specifically requires that claims be substantiable in the manner required by applicable advertising and consumer-protection rules.
• Recall cover typically requires that recalls be in response to genuine safety or compliance issues, not commercial preferences.

Product liability insurance is the foundational cover for D2C brands. The cover responds to claims by consumers and other third parties for bodily injury, property damage, or specified consequential losses arising from defective products.

Standard product liability scope

A typical product liability policy for an Indian D2C brand covers:

• Bodily injury to consumers and other third parties arising from product defect.
• Property damage caused by defective products.
• Defence costs including litigation expenses, consumer commission proceedings, and regulatory inquiry response.
• Loss of use in specified circumstances.
• Recall expense in some wording variants (often as a sub-limit or separate extension).
• Sudden and accidental pollution in some variants for products with environmental impact potential.

Distinct policy types

The Indian market offers several product-liability cover types:

• Standard Product Liability filed under IRDAI's liability framework.
• Product Liability with Recall Extension: standard cover with recall expense covered to specified sub-limits.
• Comprehensive Recall Insurance: separate cover specifically for recall expenses, often with higher recall-specific limits.
• Product Liability for US/EU Exports: separate or extended cover for brands exporting to jurisdictions with different liability frameworks. Some Indian D2C brands exporting to US face US-style product-liability exposure requiring cover specifically designed for US jurisdiction.

Sum insured by revenue band

Typical sum insured benchmarks for Indian D2C brands by annual revenue:

• Under INR 25 crore revenue: product liability at INR 1-3 crore typical, with smaller brands sometimes carrying INR 50 lakh limits that are inadequate for the actual exposure.
• INR 25-100 crore revenue: product liability at INR 3-10 crore typical.
• INR 100-500 crore revenue: product liability at INR 10-25 crore typical.
• INR 500 crore+ revenue: product liability at INR 25-100 crore depending on category-specific exposure.
• Listed brands and IPO-bound brands: product liability at INR 50-200 crore reflecting disclosure exposure and aggregated claim potential.

Category-specific adjustments apply. Baby care, personal care, and ingestible products warrant higher limits relative to revenue; apparel and home products typically warrant lower limits.

Premium benchmarks

Product liability premium for Indian D2C brands in 2026:

• Beauty and personal care: 0.05 to 0.20 percent of revenue for typical limits and exposure profiles. A INR 100 crore revenue beauty brand at INR 10 crore product liability runs premium of INR 5-20 lakh annually.
• Food and beverage: 0.08 to 0.30 percent of revenue reflecting higher exposure for ingestible products. A INR 100 crore revenue F&B brand at INR 10 crore product liability runs premium of INR 8-30 lakh annually.
• Apparel: 0.02 to 0.08 percent of revenue reflecting lower exposure.
• Baby care and child-related: 0.10 to 0.45 percent of revenue reflecting highest exposure given consumer-protection sensitivity.
• Home and kitchen: 0.05 to 0.20 percent of revenue with category-specific variation.

Wording issues to negotiate

Key wording issues for D2C brands:

• Definition of insured product broad enough to cover SKU evolution and product-line extensions during the policy period.
• Recall-expense scope explicitly including the cost of communication, retrieval, destruction, customer compensation, and regulatory-engagement.
• Defence-cost basis with non-erosion of policy limit by defence costs where possible.
• Misleading-advertising defence as a specific extension or sub-limit.
• Class-action defence scope and aggregation of related claims.
• Worldwide cover for international sales (with consideration of US carve-outs).
• Failure to warn specifically included in cover scope.
• Contractor and contract-manufacturer exposure flowing through to the brand.

Product recall is a high-impact event for D2C brands. The cost includes direct recall expenses, customer compensation, lost revenue during recall execution, and reputational impact affecting future revenue. Recall insurance provides cover for the financial impact subject to wording specifics.

Recall trigger scenarios

Recalls in Indian D2C contexts are triggered by:

• Regulatory action: FSSAI, CDSCO, BIS, or CCPA orders for specific product safety or compliance issues.
• Voluntary recall: brand-initiated recall in response to safety concerns, customer complaints, or testing results.
• Third-party claim or litigation: legal action triggering safety review and potential recall.
• Adverse event clustering: pattern of customer complaints or adverse events suggesting systemic issues.
• Supply-chain contamination: contamination at raw material, ingredient, or packaging stage affecting multiple batches.

Documented Indian D2C recall scenarios

Recent Indian D2C recall scenarios through 2023-2025 include:

• Beauty product recalls triggered by ingredient-related concerns, including specific cosmetic ingredients reformulated after CDSCO guidance.
• Packaged food recalls triggered by FSSAI quality-control issues, contamination concerns, and labelling discrepancies.
• Baby product recalls in response to safety testing concerns at specific SKUs.
• Apparel recalls rare but documented for product-safety issues including infant-clothing fire-safety and chemical-residue concerns.

Recall costs documented through 2023-2025 have ranged from INR 25 lakh for small-scale recalls affecting single SKUs at limited geography to INR 25-60 crore for large-scale recalls affecting multiple SKUs across national geography with associated customer compensation and replacement costs.

Recall cover scope

A typical product recall cover includes:

• First-party recall expense: direct cost of executing the recall including communication, logistics, retrieval, destruction or rework, and customer compensation.
• Lost revenue during recall execution: revenue impact during the recall period subject to sub-limit and indemnity period.
• Reputation-rehabilitation expenses: cost of communication and marketing to address reputational impact.
• Regulatory engagement costs: legal and consulting costs for regulator interaction during recall.
• Third-party recall costs: where the brand is required to bear recall costs of retailers, distributors, or e-commerce platforms.

Sum insured for recall cover

Recall sum insured benchmarks:

• Small D2C brands (revenue under INR 50 crore): INR 1-5 crore recall cover at premium of INR 75,000 to INR 3 lakh annually.
• Mid-size D2C brands (revenue INR 50-200 crore): INR 5-25 crore recall cover at premium of INR 3 lakh to INR 15 lakh annually.
• Large D2C brands (revenue INR 200 crore+): INR 25-100 crore recall cover at premium of INR 15 lakh to INR 75 lakh annually.

Recall exclusions to negotiate

Common recall exclusions:

• Withdrawals not in response to genuine safety or compliance issues: cover requires the recall to address a real defect or non-compliance, not commercial preferences.
• Pre-existing knowledge: defects known prior to policy inception are excluded.
• Specific product categories: some wordings exclude high-risk categories or limit cover to specific categories.
• Punitive damages and fines: regulatory penalties and punitive damages are typically not covered.

Brands should specifically negotiate the recall-trigger definition (which can be narrowed to actual safety issues rather than commercial-preference withdrawals) and the pre-existing-knowledge definition (which should require actual knowledge of named individuals rather than constructive knowledge).

Indian D2C brands typically sell through both their own websites and major e-commerce marketplaces including Amazon India, Flipkart, Nykaa, Myntra, Tata 1mg, Tata Cliq, Tira, and BigBasket. Marketplace relationships create specific insurance considerations.

Marketplace indemnity provisions

Standard marketplace agreements include indemnity provisions requiring the seller (the D2C brand) to indemnify the marketplace for:

• Product-liability claims by consumers against the marketplace arising from the seller's products.
• IP infringement claims against the marketplace arising from seller's product representations.
• Regulatory penalties imposed on the marketplace for seller's products.
• Customer-claim refunds processed by the marketplace.
• Listing-related liability including misleading product descriptions.

The indemnity is typically uncapped in marketplace agreements, creating material exposure for the brand.

Marketplace seller-vs-brand-owner distinction

A structurally important point under Indian law is the distinction between marketplace seller and brand owner. The 2020 amendments to FDI in e-commerce and subsequent guidance clarify that marketplaces operate on inventory-based or marketplace-based models with different regulatory treatment.

For D2C brands:

• Marketplace-model platforms (Amazon India for most categories, Flipkart for most categories) typically position themselves as facilitators with the seller bearing primary liability for product safety and compliance.
• Inventory-model platforms (specific categories on some platforms) take title to products and have different liability profiles.
• Private-label and platform-brand arrangements create platform liability for the platform's own brands.

The distinction affects how product-liability claims allocate between the brand and the platform. Standard marketplace indemnity flows liability to the brand even where the platform might be the apparent seller from the consumer's perspective.

Insurance alignment with marketplace relationships

D2C brands should:

• Map marketplace indemnity provisions against actual product-liability policy limits to identify potential gaps.
• Procure certificate of insurance to provide to marketplaces evidencing required cover, typically with the marketplace named as additional insured or with specific cover for marketplace-named claims.
• Review marketplace listing-related liability to ensure misleading-advertising defence cover specifically includes marketplace-listed content.
• Ensure recall cover includes platform-driven recalls where the marketplace requires withdrawal of products following safety or compliance issues.

Platform-specific considerations

Different marketplaces have different requirements:

• Amazon India typically requires sellers in specific categories to maintain product liability cover at specified minimum limits, with proof of cover at seller-onboarding.
• Flipkart has similar requirements for high-risk categories.
• Nykaa for beauty and personal care has specific requirements given category-specific exposure.
• Tata 1mg for health and wellness products has stricter requirements given regulatory sensitivity.
• Tata Cliq and Tira for premium and beauty respectively have category-aligned requirements.

Brands selling on multiple platforms should consolidate cover at the brand level with marketplace-specific certificates of insurance rather than separate policies for each platform.

Quick-commerce platform exposure

Quick-commerce platforms (Zepto, Blinkit, Swiggy Instamart) typically operate inventory-model arrangements where the platform takes title to products. The product-liability exposure of the brand is somewhat reduced because the platform is the seller of record, but indemnity provisions in supply agreements typically flow liability back to the brand.

The quick-commerce supply relationship has specific recall dynamics. Quick-commerce platforms often request immediate withdrawal of products following any safety concern (regulatory, customer-complaint, or platform-side discretion), with the brand bearing the cost of withdrawal and replacement inventory. Recall cover should specifically address this scenario.

Indian D2C brands frequently operate through contract manufacturers rather than owning manufacturing infrastructure. The contract-manufacturer relationship creates specific insurance considerations including the flow-through of product-liability exposure.

The contract-manufacturer model

The typical model for an Indian D2C brand:

• Brand owns the IP (formulation, trademark, design).
• Contract manufacturer produces the product under specifications provided by the brand.
• Quality control is split between the brand (specifications, testing) and the contract manufacturer (production, batch testing).
• Labelling and packaging is typically designed by the brand and produced by the contract manufacturer or packaging supplier.
• Distribution is typically managed by the brand directly or through logistics partners.

The contract manufacturer is typically responsible for manufacturing-process defects; the brand is typically responsible for design defects, ingredient specifications, and label compliance. The actual allocation depends on contract specifics.

Liability allocation in contracts

Contract-manufacturer agreements typically allocate liability through:

• Indemnity provisions: each party indemnifies the other for issues within its scope of responsibility.
• Insurance requirements: each party maintains specified insurance.
• Quality-control protocols: contractual obligations on testing, batch records, and quality systems.
• Recall cost allocation: how recall costs split between parties.

Insurance flow-through

From an insurance perspective, the brand's product-liability cover typically responds to consumer claims regardless of the underlying causation. The brand's insurer then pursues recovery from the contract manufacturer's insurance through subrogation.

For effective flow-through:

• Contract manufacturer's insurance must be at adequate limits to support subrogation recovery.
• Contract terms should require the contract manufacturer to maintain specified product liability cover with the brand named as additional insured.
• Insurance certificates should be verified at engagement and refreshed periodically.
• Brand's product-liability cover should not be conditioned on the contract manufacturer's cover being primary; the brand needs primary cover regardless of contract manufacturer arrangements.

Specific contract-manufacturer risks

Documented contract-manufacturer issues affecting Indian D2C brands through 2023-2025:

• Production-process defects at contract manufacturers causing batch contamination, off-specification production, or labelling errors.
• Quality-control failures where the contract manufacturer's QC processes failed to catch defective batches.
• Cross-contamination between products from the same contract manufacturer.
• Subcontracting by the contract manufacturer to lower-tier facilities without brand authorisation.
• Counterfeiting where the contract manufacturer produces unauthorised batches for sale through grey markets.

The brand-side insurance should respond to these scenarios with the brand pursuing recovery from the contract manufacturer subsequently.

Vendor liability beyond contract manufacturers

Beyond contract manufacturers, D2C brands engage:

• Ingredient suppliers: raw material suppliers, fragrance and flavour suppliers, packaging suppliers.
• Testing laboratories: product safety and quality testing.
• Logistics partners: warehouse and transportation providers.
• Marketing and creative agencies: content production, influencer-management agencies.

Each relationship creates specific exposures requiring contract-level liability allocation and insurance requirements.

A practical insurance programme for an Indian D2C brand integrates product liability, recall, marketplace-aligned cover, contract-manufacturer-related cover, and supporting covers.

Programme construction by revenue band

Small D2C brand (under INR 25 crore revenue, Seed to Series A funding):

• Product Liability at INR 1-5 crore: INR 75,000 to INR 4 lakh annually.
• Recall cover at INR 1-5 crore: INR 75,000 to INR 3 lakh annually.
• Public Liability for office/operations: INR 25,000 to INR 1 lakh annually.
• Cyber Liability at INR 5-15 crore: INR 5 lakh to INR 18 lakh annually.
• WC, group PA, group health for the small team: INR 3 lakh to INR 15 lakh annually.
• D&O at INR 5-10 crore: INR 1.5 lakh to INR 4 lakh annually.
• Crime / Fidelity: INR 1 lakh to INR 5 lakh annually.
• Property and BI: INR 1 lakh to INR 5 lakh annually.
• Total: INR 13 lakh to INR 55 lakh annually.

Mid-size D2C brand (INR 25-200 crore revenue, Series B to Series D funding):

• Product Liability at INR 5-25 crore: INR 4 lakh to INR 25 lakh annually.
• Recall cover at INR 5-25 crore: INR 3 lakh to INR 15 lakh annually.
• Public Liability: INR 1 lakh to INR 5 lakh annually.
• Cyber Liability at INR 15-50 crore: INR 18 lakh to INR 50 lakh annually.
• WC, group PA, group health for the team: INR 15 lakh to INR 1 crore annually.
• D&O at INR 10-50 crore: INR 4 lakh to INR 25 lakh annually.
• Crime / Fidelity: INR 5 lakh to INR 20 lakh annually.
• Property and BI: INR 5 lakh to INR 25 lakh annually.
• Specialty covers including marketplace-named additional insureds: INR 3 lakh to INR 12 lakh annually.
• Total: INR 58 lakh to INR 2.8 crore annually.

Large D2C brand (INR 200 crore+ revenue, Series E+ or listed):

• Product Liability at INR 25-200 crore: INR 25 lakh to INR 2 crore annually.
• Recall cover at INR 25-100 crore: INR 15 lakh to INR 75 lakh annually.
• Public Liability: INR 5 lakh to INR 25 lakh annually.
• Cyber Liability at INR 50-500 crore: INR 50 lakh to INR 4 crore annually.
• WC, group PA, group health: INR 1 crore to INR 5 crore annually.
• D&O at INR 50-500 crore: INR 25 lakh to INR 4 crore annually.
• Crime / Fidelity: INR 20 lakh to INR 1 crore annually.
• Property and BI for warehouses and offices: INR 25 lakh to INR 2 crore annually.
• Specialty covers including export-jurisdiction liability: INR 12 lakh to INR 75 lakh annually.
• Total: INR 3 crore to INR 20 crore annually.

Outlook through 2027

Three trends will shape D2C brand insurance through 2027:

First, consumer-action maturity. The Consumer Protection Act 2019 class-action framework continues to develop through 2024-2026. Insurers are tracking the emerging case law to refine product-liability and defence-cost cover. Brands should monitor the litigation trends and adjust cover at renewals.

Second, regulatory tightening. FSSAI, CDSCO, BIS, and CCPA have all increased enforcement activity through 2023-2026. Specific category-focused enforcement (cosmetic ingredients, food-claims substantiation, baby-product safety) creates targeted exposure. Brands in affected categories should maintain enhanced cover and compliance.

Third, export-jurisdiction expansion. Indian D2C brands are increasingly exporting to US, Middle East, and South-East Asian markets. Export-jurisdiction liability profiles vary materially, with US-jurisdiction exposure being the most demanding. Brands with material US exports should procure US-specific product-liability cover, typically placed through international markets.

To see how Sarvada's broker workflow supports D2C brands across product liability, recall, marketplace-aligned cover, cyber, and workforce layers with category-specific underwriting support, Request Access to our platform.